Jack N Poy Full Movie
2021年2月24日Download here: http://gg.gg/of5db
Nov 24, 2019 It revolves about a team of ’puliscredibles’, consisting of three charismatic and adventurous police officers named Jack, Emily, and Popoy, who embark on a mission to stop crimes from occurring. Jack n Poy is an actor, known for Espesyal kopol (2015). Learn & Watch Jack en Poy courtesy of Awiting Pambata TVShort pinoy children song for kids can provide them with a lots of fun and entertainment and also. Game Jackpot En Poy is a game segment based on the classic children’s game rock–paper–scissors.
*Jack N Poy Full Movie
*Jack N Poy full movie, onlineEditDirected by
Streaming resources for Luciano B. Carlos Jack en Poy: Hale-Hale Hoy! Links to watch this Philippines Comedy Movie online. Jack en Poy: Hale-Hale Hoy! Comedy 25 February 1987 (Philippines) Add a Plot. William Martinez, Roderick Paulate See full cast & crew » Rob Reiner on Creating Lasting Characters and His New Film. Rob Reiner imagines where Inigo Montoya is now, then shares the powerful message behind his new film Shock. Luciano B. CarlosWriting Credits Jose Javier Reyes. (story) & Luciano B. Carlos. (story) Jose Javier Reyes. (screenplay) Cast (in credits order) Maricel Soriano William Martinez Roderick Paulate Manilyn Reynes Janno Gibbs Nova Villa Tessie Tomas Caridad Sanchez Chichay Rez Cortez Deborah Sun Jimmy Santos Metring David Tony Gosalvez Vangie Labalan Minnie Aguilar Jimmy Tongco Vicky Suba Kristel RomeroProduced by Lily Y. Monteverde. executive producer (as Lily Monteverde) Malou N. Santos. associate producer Charo Santos-Concio. line producer Music by Jaime Fabregas. (as Jaime B. Fabregas) Cinematography by Gener Buenaseda. director of photography Film Editing by Efren JarlegoProduction Design by Robert L. Lee. (as Robert Lee) Art Direction by Jojo Bayanin. (as Jojo Bayani) Jun SanchaCostume Design by Edgar San DiegoProduction Management Rodel Guido. assistant production manager Jerry O’Hara. production manager Warlito M. Teodoro. post-production in charge (as Warlito Teodoro) / studio manager: Regal Films (as Warlito Teodoro) Second Unit Director or Assistant Director Jerry O’Hara. assistant director Sound Department Joe Climaco. sound supervisor Other crew Gus Cabrera. publicity and promotions Alfie Lorenzo. publicity and promotions Douglas Quijano. project coordinator Jump to navigationJump to search’Roshambo’ redirects here. For other uses, see Rochambeau (disambiguation).For the album by the Axis of Awesome, see Scissors, Paper, Rock!’Jack en poy’ redirects here. It is not to be confused with Jack Em Popoy.Rock–paper–scissorsA chart showing how the three game elements interactGenre(s)Hand gamePlayers2Setup timeNonePlaying timeInstantRandom chanceNoneSkill(s) requiredPsychology
This audio file was created from a revision of the article ’Rock–paper–scissors’ dated 2006-07-14, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. (Audio help)
Rock–paper–scissors (also known as scissors–rock–paper or other variants) is a hand game usually played between two people, in which each player simultaneously forms one of three shapes with an outstretched hand. These shapes are ’rock’ (a closed fist), ’paper’ (a flat hand), and ’scissors’ (a fist with the index finger and middle finger extended, forming a V). ’Scissors’ is identical to the two-fingered V sign (also indicating ’victory’ or ’peace’) except that it is pointed horizontally instead of being held upright in the air. A simultaneous, zero-sum game, it has only two possible outcomes: a draw, or a win for one player and a loss for the other.
A player who decides to play rock will beat another player who has chosen scissors (’rock crushes scissors’ or sometimes ’blunts scissors’[1]), but will lose to one who has played paper (’paper covers rock’); a play of paper will lose to a play of scissors (’scissors cuts paper’). If both players choose the same shape, the game is tied and is usually immediately replayed to break the tie. The type of game originated in China and spread with increased contact with East Asia, while developing different variants in signs over time. Other names for the game in the English-speaking world include roshambo and other orderings of the three items, with ’rock’ sometimes being called ’stone’.[2][3][4]
Rock–paper–scissors is often used as a fair choosing method between two people, similar to coin flipping, drawing straws, or throwing dice in order to settle a dispute or make an unbiased group decision. Unlike truly random selection methods, however, rock–paper–scissors can be played with a degree of skill by recognizing and exploiting non-random behavior in opponents.[5][6]
*2History
*3Strategies
*4Instances of use in real-life scenarios
*6Analogs in nature
*8Tournaments
*9VariationsGame play[edit]Each of the three basic handsigns (from left to right: rock, paper, and scissors) beats one of the other two, and loses to the other.
The players usually count aloud to three, or speak the name of the game (e.g. ’Rock! Paper! Scissors!’ or ’Ro Sham Bo!’), each time either raising one hand in a fist and swinging it down on the count or holding it behind. They then ’throw’ by extending it towards their opponent. Variations include a version where players use only three counts before throwing their gesture (thus throwing on the count of ’Scissors!’ or ’Bo!’), or a version where they shake their hands three times before ’throwing’.History[edit]Origins[edit]
The first known mention of the game was in the book Wuzazu [zh] by the Chinese Ming-dynasty writer Xie Zhaozhi [zh] (fl.c. 1600), who wrote that the game dated back to the time of the Chinese Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD).[7] In the book, the game was called shoushiling. Li Rihua’s book Note of Liuyanzhai also mentions this game, calling it shoushiling (t. 手勢令; s. 手势令), huozhitou (t. 豁指頭; s. 豁指头), or huoquan (豁拳).Mushi-ken, the earliest Japanese sansukumi-ken game (1809). From left to right: slug (namekuji), frog (kawazu) and snake (hebi).
Throughout Japanese history there are frequent references to sansukumi-ken, meaning ken (fist) games where ’the three who are afraid of one another’ (i.e. A beats B, B beats C, and C beats A).[8] This type of game originated in China before being imported to Japan and subsequently also becoming popular among the Japanese.[8]
The earliest Japanese sansukumi-ken game was known as mushi-ken (虫拳), which was imported directly from China.[8][9] In mushi-ken the ’frog’ (represented by the thumb) is superseded by the ’slug’ (represented by the little finger), which, in turn is superseded by the ’snake’ (represented by the index finger), which is superseded by the ’frog’.[8] Although this game was imported from China the Japanese version differs in the animals represented. In adopting the game, the original Chinese characters for the poisonous centipede (蜈蜙) were apparently confused with the characters for the slug (蛞蝓).[9] The most popular sansukumi-ken game in Japan was kitsune-ken (狐拳). In the game, a supernatural fox called a kitsune (狐) defeats the village head, the village head (庄屋) defeats the hunter, and the hunter (猟師) defeats the fox. Kitsune-ken, unlike mushi-ken or rock–paper–scissors, is played by making gestures with both hands.[10]Kitsune-ken was a popular Japanese rock–paper–scissors variant. From left to right: The hunter (ryōshi), village head (shōya) and fox (kitsune).
Today, the best-known sansukumi-ken is called jan-ken (じゃんけん),[9] which is a variation of the Chinese games introduced in the 17th century.[11]Jan-ken uses the rock, paper, and scissors signs[8] and is the game that the modern version of rock–paper–scissors derives from directly.[9] Hand-games using gestures to represent the three conflicting elements of rock, paper, and scissors have been most common since the modern version of the game was created in the late 19th century, between the Edo and Meiji periods.[12]Spread beyond Asia[edit]
By the early 20th century, rock–paper–scissors had spread beyond Asia, especially through increased Japanese contact with the west.[13] Its English-language name is therefore taken from a translation of the names of the three Japanese hand-gestures for rock, paper and scissors:[14] elsewhere in Asia the open-palm gesture represents ’cloth’ rather than ’paper’.[15] The shape of the scissors is also adopted from the Japanese style.[14]
In Britain in 1924 it was described in a letter to The Times as a hand game, possibly of Mediterranean origin, called ’zhot’.[16]A reader then wrote in to say that the game ’zhot’ referred to was evidently Jan-ken-pon, which she had often seen played throughout Japan.[17] Although at this date the game appears to have been new enough to British readers to need explaining, the appearance by 1927 of a popular thriller with the title Scissors Cut Paper,[18] followed by Stone Blunts Scissors (1929), suggests it quickly became popular.
In 1927 La Vie au patronage, a children’s magazine in France, described it in detail,[19] referring to it as a ’jeu japonais’ (’Japanese game’). Its French name, ’Chi-fou-mi’, is based on the Old Japanese words for ’one, two, three’ (’hi, fu, mi’).
A 1932 New York Times article on the Tokyo rush hour describes the rules of the game for the benefit of American readers, suggesting it was not at that time widely known in the U.S.[20] The 1933 edition of the Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia described it as a common method of settling disputes between children in its article on Japan; the name was given as ’John Kem Po’ and the article pointedly asserted, ’This is such a good way of deciding an argument that American boys and girls might like to practice it too.’[21]Strategies[edit]Children in Myanmar playing rock–paper–scissors
It is impossible to gain an advantage over a truly random opponent. However, by exploiting the psychological weaknesses of inherently non-random opponents, it is possible to gain a significant advantage.[22][23] Indeed, human players tend to be non-random.[23][24] As a result, there have been programming competitions for algorithms that play rock–paper–scissors.[22][25][26]
During tournaments, players often prepare their sequence of three gestures prior to the tournament’s commencement.[27][28] Some tournament players employ tactics to confuse or trick the other player into making an illegal move,[clarification needed] resulting in a loss. One such tactic is to shout the name of one move before throwing another, in order to misdirect and confuse their opponent.[clarification needed]
The ’rock’ move, in particular, is notable in that it is typically represented by a closed fist—often identical to the fist made by players during the initial countdown. If a player is attempting to beat their opponent based on quickly reading their hand gesture as the players are making their moves, it is possible to determine if the opponent is about to throw ’rock’ based on their lack of hand movement, as both ’scissors’ and ’paper’ require the player to reposition their hand. This can likewise be used to deceive an anticipating opponent by keeping one’s fist closed until the last possible moment, leading them to believe that you are about to throw ’rock’.Algorithms[edit]
As a consequence of rock–paper–scissors programming contests, many strong algorithms have emerged.[22][25][26] For example, Iocaine Powder, which won the First International RoShamBo Programming Competition in 1999,[25] uses a heuristically designed compilation of strategies.[29] For each strategy it employs, it also has six metastrategies which defeat second-guessing, triple-guessing, as well as second-guessing the opponent, and so on. The optimal strategy or metastrategy is chosen based on past performance. The main strategies it employs are history matching, frequency analysis, and random guessing. Its strongest strategy, history matching, searches for a sequence in the past that matches the last few moves in order to predict the next move of the algorithm. In frequency analysis, the program simply identifies the most frequently played move. The random guess is a fallback method that is used to prevent a devastating loss in the event that the other strategies fail. More than ten years later, the top performing strategies on an ongoing rock–paper–scissors programming competition similarly use metastrategies. However, there have been some innovations, such as using multiple history matching schemes that each match a different aspect of the history – for example, the opponent’s moves, the program’s own moves, or a combination of both.[30] There have also been other algorithms based on Markov chains.[31]
In 2012, researchers from the Ishikawa Watanabe Laboratory at the University of Tokyo created a robot hand that can play rock–paper–scissors with a 100% win rate. Using a high-speed camera the robot recognizes within one millisecond which shape the human hand is making, then produces the corresponding winning shape.[32][33]Instances of use in real-life scenarios[edit]American court case[edit]
In 2006, American federal judge Gregory Presnell from the Middle District of Florida ordered opposing sides in a lengthy court case to settle a trivial (but lengthily debated) point over the appropriate place for a deposition using the game of rock–paper–scissors.[34][35] The ruling in Avista Management v. Wausau Underwriters stated:
Upon consideration of the Motion – the latest in a series of Gordian knots that the parties have been unable to untangle without enlisting the assistance of the federal courts – it is ORDERED that said Motion is DENIED. Instead, the Court will fashion a new form of alternative dispute resolution, to wit: at 4:00 P.M. on Friday, June 30, 2006, counsel shall convene at a neutral site agreeable to both parties. If counsel cannot agree on a neutral site, they shall meet on the front steps of the Sam M. Gibbons U.S. Courthouse, 801 North Florida Ave., Tampa, Florida 33602. Each lawyer shall be entitled to be accompanied by one paralegal who shall act as an attendant and witness. At that time and location, counsel shall engage in one (1) game of ’rock, paper, scissors.’ The winner of this engagement shall be entitled to select the location for the 30(b)(6) deposition to be held somewhere in Hillsborough County during the period 11–12 July 2006.[36]
The public release of this judicial order was seemingly intended to shame the respective law firms regarding their litigation conduct by settling the dispute in a farcical manner.Auction house selection[edit]Cézanne’sLarge Trees Under the Jas de Bouffan sold for $11,776,000 at Christie’s in 2005.[37]
In 2005, when Takashi Hashiyama, CEO of Japanese television equipment manufacturer Maspro Denkoh, decided to auction off the collection of Impressionist paintings owned by his corporation, including works by Paul Cézanne, Pablo Picasso, and Vincent van Gogh, he contacted two leading auction houses, Christie’s International and Sotheby’s Holdings, seeking their proposals on how they would bring the collection to the market as well as how they would maximize the profits from the sale. Both firms made elaborate proposals, but neither was persuasive enough to earn Hashiyama’s approval. Unwilling to split up the collection into separate auctions, Hashiyama asked the firms to decide between themselves who would hold the auction, which included Cézanne’sLarge Trees Under the Jas de Bouffan, worth $12–16 million.
The houses were unable to reach a decision. Hashiyama told the two firms to play rock–paper–scissors to decide who would get the rights to the auction, explaining that ’it probably looks strange to others, but I believe this is the best way to decide between two things which are equally good’.
The auction houses had a weekend to come up with a choice of move. Christie’s went to the 11-year-old twin daughters of the international director of Christie’s Impressionist and Modern Art Department Nicholas Maclean, who suggested ’scissors’ because ’Everybody expects you to choose ’rock’.’ Sotheby’s said that they treated it as a game of chance and had no particular strategy for the game, but went with ’paper’.[38] Christie’s won the match and sold the $20 million collection, earning millions of dollars of commission for the auction house.FA Women’s Super League match[edit]
Prior to a 26 October 2018 match in the FA Women’s Super League, the referee, upon being without a coin for the pregame coin toss, had the team captains play rock–paper–scissors to determine which team would kick-off. The referee was subsequently suspended for three weeks by The Football Association.[39]Play by chimpanzees[edit]
In Japan, researchers have taught chimpanzees to play rock–paper–scissors.[40]
How to install dark souls mods. Dank Random Weapon Mod (by xenopiece).Analogues in game design[edit]
In many games, it is common for a group of possible choices to interact in a rock–paper–scissors style, where each selection is strong against a particular choice, but weak against another. Such mechanics can make a game somewhat self-balancing, and prevent gameplay from being overwhelmed by a single dominant strategy.[41]
Many card-based video games in Japan use the rock–paper–scissors system as their core fighting system, with the winner of each round being able to carry out their designated attack. Sega Master System’s Alex Kidd in Miracle World has a level where the player has to win a rock-paper-scissors game to go ahead. Others use simple variants of rock–paper–scissors as subgames like Mario Party Advance and Paper Mario: Color Splash.
In Pokémon, there is a rock–paper–scissors element in the type effectiveness system. For example, a Grass-type Pokémon is weak to Fire, Fire is weak to Water, and Water is weak to Grass.[42] In Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser’s Minions and Mario & Luigi: Bowser’s Inside Story + Bowser Jr.’s Journey, the battles in the second mode (Minion Quest / Bowser Jr.’s Journey) uses a Power Triangle system: Melee, Ranged, and Flying. In Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, a primary Spirit uses the rock–paper–scissors element in three types: Attack, Shield, and Grab.Analogs in nature[edit]Lizard mating strategies[edit]Main article: Common side-blotched lizard § Mating
The common side-blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana) exhibits a rock–paper–scissors pattern in its mating strategies. Of its three color types of males, ’orange beats blue, blue beats yellow, and yellow beats orange’ in competition for females, which is similar to the rules of rock-paper-scissors.[43][44]Bacteria[edit]
Some bacteria also exhibit a rock-paper-scissors dynamic when they engage in antibiotic production. The theory for this finding was demonstrated by computer simulation and in the laboratory by Benjamin Kerr, working at Stanford University with Brendan Bohannan.[45] Additional in vitro results demonstrate rock-paper-scissors dynamics in additional species of bacteria.[46] Biologist Benjamin C. Kirkup, Jr. demonstrated that these a
https://diarynote-jp.indered.space
Nov 24, 2019 It revolves about a team of ’puliscredibles’, consisting of three charismatic and adventurous police officers named Jack, Emily, and Popoy, who embark on a mission to stop crimes from occurring. Jack n Poy is an actor, known for Espesyal kopol (2015). Learn & Watch Jack en Poy courtesy of Awiting Pambata TVShort pinoy children song for kids can provide them with a lots of fun and entertainment and also. Game Jackpot En Poy is a game segment based on the classic children’s game rock–paper–scissors.
*Jack N Poy Full Movie
*Jack N Poy full movie, onlineEditDirected by
Streaming resources for Luciano B. Carlos Jack en Poy: Hale-Hale Hoy! Links to watch this Philippines Comedy Movie online. Jack en Poy: Hale-Hale Hoy! Comedy 25 February 1987 (Philippines) Add a Plot. William Martinez, Roderick Paulate See full cast & crew » Rob Reiner on Creating Lasting Characters and His New Film. Rob Reiner imagines where Inigo Montoya is now, then shares the powerful message behind his new film Shock. Luciano B. CarlosWriting Credits Jose Javier Reyes. (story) & Luciano B. Carlos. (story) Jose Javier Reyes. (screenplay) Cast (in credits order) Maricel Soriano William Martinez Roderick Paulate Manilyn Reynes Janno Gibbs Nova Villa Tessie Tomas Caridad Sanchez Chichay Rez Cortez Deborah Sun Jimmy Santos Metring David Tony Gosalvez Vangie Labalan Minnie Aguilar Jimmy Tongco Vicky Suba Kristel RomeroProduced by Lily Y. Monteverde. executive producer (as Lily Monteverde) Malou N. Santos. associate producer Charo Santos-Concio. line producer Music by Jaime Fabregas. (as Jaime B. Fabregas) Cinematography by Gener Buenaseda. director of photography Film Editing by Efren JarlegoProduction Design by Robert L. Lee. (as Robert Lee) Art Direction by Jojo Bayanin. (as Jojo Bayani) Jun SanchaCostume Design by Edgar San DiegoProduction Management Rodel Guido. assistant production manager Jerry O’Hara. production manager Warlito M. Teodoro. post-production in charge (as Warlito Teodoro) / studio manager: Regal Films (as Warlito Teodoro) Second Unit Director or Assistant Director Jerry O’Hara. assistant director Sound Department Joe Climaco. sound supervisor Other crew Gus Cabrera. publicity and promotions Alfie Lorenzo. publicity and promotions Douglas Quijano. project coordinator Jump to navigationJump to search’Roshambo’ redirects here. For other uses, see Rochambeau (disambiguation).For the album by the Axis of Awesome, see Scissors, Paper, Rock!’Jack en poy’ redirects here. It is not to be confused with Jack Em Popoy.Rock–paper–scissorsA chart showing how the three game elements interactGenre(s)Hand gamePlayers2Setup timeNonePlaying timeInstantRandom chanceNoneSkill(s) requiredPsychology
This audio file was created from a revision of the article ’Rock–paper–scissors’ dated 2006-07-14, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. (Audio help)
Rock–paper–scissors (also known as scissors–rock–paper or other variants) is a hand game usually played between two people, in which each player simultaneously forms one of three shapes with an outstretched hand. These shapes are ’rock’ (a closed fist), ’paper’ (a flat hand), and ’scissors’ (a fist with the index finger and middle finger extended, forming a V). ’Scissors’ is identical to the two-fingered V sign (also indicating ’victory’ or ’peace’) except that it is pointed horizontally instead of being held upright in the air. A simultaneous, zero-sum game, it has only two possible outcomes: a draw, or a win for one player and a loss for the other.
A player who decides to play rock will beat another player who has chosen scissors (’rock crushes scissors’ or sometimes ’blunts scissors’[1]), but will lose to one who has played paper (’paper covers rock’); a play of paper will lose to a play of scissors (’scissors cuts paper’). If both players choose the same shape, the game is tied and is usually immediately replayed to break the tie. The type of game originated in China and spread with increased contact with East Asia, while developing different variants in signs over time. Other names for the game in the English-speaking world include roshambo and other orderings of the three items, with ’rock’ sometimes being called ’stone’.[2][3][4]
Rock–paper–scissors is often used as a fair choosing method between two people, similar to coin flipping, drawing straws, or throwing dice in order to settle a dispute or make an unbiased group decision. Unlike truly random selection methods, however, rock–paper–scissors can be played with a degree of skill by recognizing and exploiting non-random behavior in opponents.[5][6]
*2History
*3Strategies
*4Instances of use in real-life scenarios
*6Analogs in nature
*8Tournaments
*9VariationsGame play[edit]Each of the three basic handsigns (from left to right: rock, paper, and scissors) beats one of the other two, and loses to the other.
The players usually count aloud to three, or speak the name of the game (e.g. ’Rock! Paper! Scissors!’ or ’Ro Sham Bo!’), each time either raising one hand in a fist and swinging it down on the count or holding it behind. They then ’throw’ by extending it towards their opponent. Variations include a version where players use only three counts before throwing their gesture (thus throwing on the count of ’Scissors!’ or ’Bo!’), or a version where they shake their hands three times before ’throwing’.History[edit]Origins[edit]
The first known mention of the game was in the book Wuzazu [zh] by the Chinese Ming-dynasty writer Xie Zhaozhi [zh] (fl.c. 1600), who wrote that the game dated back to the time of the Chinese Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD).[7] In the book, the game was called shoushiling. Li Rihua’s book Note of Liuyanzhai also mentions this game, calling it shoushiling (t. 手勢令; s. 手势令), huozhitou (t. 豁指頭; s. 豁指头), or huoquan (豁拳).Mushi-ken, the earliest Japanese sansukumi-ken game (1809). From left to right: slug (namekuji), frog (kawazu) and snake (hebi).
Throughout Japanese history there are frequent references to sansukumi-ken, meaning ken (fist) games where ’the three who are afraid of one another’ (i.e. A beats B, B beats C, and C beats A).[8] This type of game originated in China before being imported to Japan and subsequently also becoming popular among the Japanese.[8]
The earliest Japanese sansukumi-ken game was known as mushi-ken (虫拳), which was imported directly from China.[8][9] In mushi-ken the ’frog’ (represented by the thumb) is superseded by the ’slug’ (represented by the little finger), which, in turn is superseded by the ’snake’ (represented by the index finger), which is superseded by the ’frog’.[8] Although this game was imported from China the Japanese version differs in the animals represented. In adopting the game, the original Chinese characters for the poisonous centipede (蜈蜙) were apparently confused with the characters for the slug (蛞蝓).[9] The most popular sansukumi-ken game in Japan was kitsune-ken (狐拳). In the game, a supernatural fox called a kitsune (狐) defeats the village head, the village head (庄屋) defeats the hunter, and the hunter (猟師) defeats the fox. Kitsune-ken, unlike mushi-ken or rock–paper–scissors, is played by making gestures with both hands.[10]Kitsune-ken was a popular Japanese rock–paper–scissors variant. From left to right: The hunter (ryōshi), village head (shōya) and fox (kitsune).
Today, the best-known sansukumi-ken is called jan-ken (じゃんけん),[9] which is a variation of the Chinese games introduced in the 17th century.[11]Jan-ken uses the rock, paper, and scissors signs[8] and is the game that the modern version of rock–paper–scissors derives from directly.[9] Hand-games using gestures to represent the three conflicting elements of rock, paper, and scissors have been most common since the modern version of the game was created in the late 19th century, between the Edo and Meiji periods.[12]Spread beyond Asia[edit]
By the early 20th century, rock–paper–scissors had spread beyond Asia, especially through increased Japanese contact with the west.[13] Its English-language name is therefore taken from a translation of the names of the three Japanese hand-gestures for rock, paper and scissors:[14] elsewhere in Asia the open-palm gesture represents ’cloth’ rather than ’paper’.[15] The shape of the scissors is also adopted from the Japanese style.[14]
In Britain in 1924 it was described in a letter to The Times as a hand game, possibly of Mediterranean origin, called ’zhot’.[16]A reader then wrote in to say that the game ’zhot’ referred to was evidently Jan-ken-pon, which she had often seen played throughout Japan.[17] Although at this date the game appears to have been new enough to British readers to need explaining, the appearance by 1927 of a popular thriller with the title Scissors Cut Paper,[18] followed by Stone Blunts Scissors (1929), suggests it quickly became popular.
In 1927 La Vie au patronage, a children’s magazine in France, described it in detail,[19] referring to it as a ’jeu japonais’ (’Japanese game’). Its French name, ’Chi-fou-mi’, is based on the Old Japanese words for ’one, two, three’ (’hi, fu, mi’).
A 1932 New York Times article on the Tokyo rush hour describes the rules of the game for the benefit of American readers, suggesting it was not at that time widely known in the U.S.[20] The 1933 edition of the Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia described it as a common method of settling disputes between children in its article on Japan; the name was given as ’John Kem Po’ and the article pointedly asserted, ’This is such a good way of deciding an argument that American boys and girls might like to practice it too.’[21]Strategies[edit]Children in Myanmar playing rock–paper–scissors
It is impossible to gain an advantage over a truly random opponent. However, by exploiting the psychological weaknesses of inherently non-random opponents, it is possible to gain a significant advantage.[22][23] Indeed, human players tend to be non-random.[23][24] As a result, there have been programming competitions for algorithms that play rock–paper–scissors.[22][25][26]
During tournaments, players often prepare their sequence of three gestures prior to the tournament’s commencement.[27][28] Some tournament players employ tactics to confuse or trick the other player into making an illegal move,[clarification needed] resulting in a loss. One such tactic is to shout the name of one move before throwing another, in order to misdirect and confuse their opponent.[clarification needed]
The ’rock’ move, in particular, is notable in that it is typically represented by a closed fist—often identical to the fist made by players during the initial countdown. If a player is attempting to beat their opponent based on quickly reading their hand gesture as the players are making their moves, it is possible to determine if the opponent is about to throw ’rock’ based on their lack of hand movement, as both ’scissors’ and ’paper’ require the player to reposition their hand. This can likewise be used to deceive an anticipating opponent by keeping one’s fist closed until the last possible moment, leading them to believe that you are about to throw ’rock’.Algorithms[edit]
As a consequence of rock–paper–scissors programming contests, many strong algorithms have emerged.[22][25][26] For example, Iocaine Powder, which won the First International RoShamBo Programming Competition in 1999,[25] uses a heuristically designed compilation of strategies.[29] For each strategy it employs, it also has six metastrategies which defeat second-guessing, triple-guessing, as well as second-guessing the opponent, and so on. The optimal strategy or metastrategy is chosen based on past performance. The main strategies it employs are history matching, frequency analysis, and random guessing. Its strongest strategy, history matching, searches for a sequence in the past that matches the last few moves in order to predict the next move of the algorithm. In frequency analysis, the program simply identifies the most frequently played move. The random guess is a fallback method that is used to prevent a devastating loss in the event that the other strategies fail. More than ten years later, the top performing strategies on an ongoing rock–paper–scissors programming competition similarly use metastrategies. However, there have been some innovations, such as using multiple history matching schemes that each match a different aspect of the history – for example, the opponent’s moves, the program’s own moves, or a combination of both.[30] There have also been other algorithms based on Markov chains.[31]
In 2012, researchers from the Ishikawa Watanabe Laboratory at the University of Tokyo created a robot hand that can play rock–paper–scissors with a 100% win rate. Using a high-speed camera the robot recognizes within one millisecond which shape the human hand is making, then produces the corresponding winning shape.[32][33]Instances of use in real-life scenarios[edit]American court case[edit]
In 2006, American federal judge Gregory Presnell from the Middle District of Florida ordered opposing sides in a lengthy court case to settle a trivial (but lengthily debated) point over the appropriate place for a deposition using the game of rock–paper–scissors.[34][35] The ruling in Avista Management v. Wausau Underwriters stated:
Upon consideration of the Motion – the latest in a series of Gordian knots that the parties have been unable to untangle without enlisting the assistance of the federal courts – it is ORDERED that said Motion is DENIED. Instead, the Court will fashion a new form of alternative dispute resolution, to wit: at 4:00 P.M. on Friday, June 30, 2006, counsel shall convene at a neutral site agreeable to both parties. If counsel cannot agree on a neutral site, they shall meet on the front steps of the Sam M. Gibbons U.S. Courthouse, 801 North Florida Ave., Tampa, Florida 33602. Each lawyer shall be entitled to be accompanied by one paralegal who shall act as an attendant and witness. At that time and location, counsel shall engage in one (1) game of ’rock, paper, scissors.’ The winner of this engagement shall be entitled to select the location for the 30(b)(6) deposition to be held somewhere in Hillsborough County during the period 11–12 July 2006.[36]
The public release of this judicial order was seemingly intended to shame the respective law firms regarding their litigation conduct by settling the dispute in a farcical manner.Auction house selection[edit]Cézanne’sLarge Trees Under the Jas de Bouffan sold for $11,776,000 at Christie’s in 2005.[37]
In 2005, when Takashi Hashiyama, CEO of Japanese television equipment manufacturer Maspro Denkoh, decided to auction off the collection of Impressionist paintings owned by his corporation, including works by Paul Cézanne, Pablo Picasso, and Vincent van Gogh, he contacted two leading auction houses, Christie’s International and Sotheby’s Holdings, seeking their proposals on how they would bring the collection to the market as well as how they would maximize the profits from the sale. Both firms made elaborate proposals, but neither was persuasive enough to earn Hashiyama’s approval. Unwilling to split up the collection into separate auctions, Hashiyama asked the firms to decide between themselves who would hold the auction, which included Cézanne’sLarge Trees Under the Jas de Bouffan, worth $12–16 million.
The houses were unable to reach a decision. Hashiyama told the two firms to play rock–paper–scissors to decide who would get the rights to the auction, explaining that ’it probably looks strange to others, but I believe this is the best way to decide between two things which are equally good’.
The auction houses had a weekend to come up with a choice of move. Christie’s went to the 11-year-old twin daughters of the international director of Christie’s Impressionist and Modern Art Department Nicholas Maclean, who suggested ’scissors’ because ’Everybody expects you to choose ’rock’.’ Sotheby’s said that they treated it as a game of chance and had no particular strategy for the game, but went with ’paper’.[38] Christie’s won the match and sold the $20 million collection, earning millions of dollars of commission for the auction house.FA Women’s Super League match[edit]
Prior to a 26 October 2018 match in the FA Women’s Super League, the referee, upon being without a coin for the pregame coin toss, had the team captains play rock–paper–scissors to determine which team would kick-off. The referee was subsequently suspended for three weeks by The Football Association.[39]Play by chimpanzees[edit]
In Japan, researchers have taught chimpanzees to play rock–paper–scissors.[40]
How to install dark souls mods. Dank Random Weapon Mod (by xenopiece).Analogues in game design[edit]
In many games, it is common for a group of possible choices to interact in a rock–paper–scissors style, where each selection is strong against a particular choice, but weak against another. Such mechanics can make a game somewhat self-balancing, and prevent gameplay from being overwhelmed by a single dominant strategy.[41]
Many card-based video games in Japan use the rock–paper–scissors system as their core fighting system, with the winner of each round being able to carry out their designated attack. Sega Master System’s Alex Kidd in Miracle World has a level where the player has to win a rock-paper-scissors game to go ahead. Others use simple variants of rock–paper–scissors as subgames like Mario Party Advance and Paper Mario: Color Splash.
In Pokémon, there is a rock–paper–scissors element in the type effectiveness system. For example, a Grass-type Pokémon is weak to Fire, Fire is weak to Water, and Water is weak to Grass.[42] In Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser’s Minions and Mario & Luigi: Bowser’s Inside Story + Bowser Jr.’s Journey, the battles in the second mode (Minion Quest / Bowser Jr.’s Journey) uses a Power Triangle system: Melee, Ranged, and Flying. In Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, a primary Spirit uses the rock–paper–scissors element in three types: Attack, Shield, and Grab.Analogs in nature[edit]Lizard mating strategies[edit]Main article: Common side-blotched lizard § Mating
The common side-blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana) exhibits a rock–paper–scissors pattern in its mating strategies. Of its three color types of males, ’orange beats blue, blue beats yellow, and yellow beats orange’ in competition for females, which is similar to the rules of rock-paper-scissors.[43][44]Bacteria[edit]
Some bacteria also exhibit a rock-paper-scissors dynamic when they engage in antibiotic production. The theory for this finding was demonstrated by computer simulation and in the laboratory by Benjamin Kerr, working at Stanford University with Brendan Bohannan.[45] Additional in vitro results demonstrate rock-paper-scissors dynamics in additional species of bacteria.[46] Biologist Benjamin C. Kirkup, Jr. demonstrated that these a
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